Shore hardness

#1 What is Shore hardness?

Shore hardness is the hardness of an O-ring.

In the field of elastomers (NBR, EPDM, FKM, etc.), the Shore hardness can be between 5 and 100 Shore. However, only the 40 to 90 Shore range is of interest for the manufacture of O-rings.

Note: The tolerance specification for Shore hardness is ± 5 Shore.

Each O-ring material has a standard hardness. We have put together a short table to give you a quick overview of all the important O-ring materials:

Material

Friction

NBR

70 Shore A

HNBR

70 Shore A

EPDM

70 Shore A

VMQ (silicone)

70 Shore A

FVMQ

70 Shore A

FEPM (Aflas)

70 Shore A

CR (Neoprene)

70 Shore A

ACM

70 Shore A

FKM (Viton)

75 Shore A

FFKM (ECOLAST)

75 Shore A

FEP coated

90 Shore A

PTFE

60 Shore D

The Shore hardness is specified on every data sheet and is definitely an important key figure. However, it must be noted that the tolerance is ± 5 Shore. It can be deduced from this that the Shore hardness should only be used as a guide value in the design.

Do I have a high pressure in my system (>50 bar)?
-> Then I prefer to use an O-ring with a hardness of 80 or even 90 Shore.

Are my sealing surfaces uneven and I want to even them out?
-> Then I prefer to use 50 or 60 Shore O-rings.

Important: The Shore hardness is divided into Shore A and Shore D.

#2 What is the difference between Shore A and Shore D?

The measurement of Shore A and Shore D differ and are also intended for different materials.

Shore A = elastomers (e.g. FKM 75 Shore A)

Shore D = thermosets (e.g. PTFE 60 Shore D)

Note: There is no official conversion table from Shore A to Shore D. It is only important to know that 60 Shore D is approximately 100 Shore A. Accordingly, a PTFE O-ring with 60 Shore D is significantly harder than an FKM O-ring with 75 Shore A.

Technical article on IRHD and Shore hardness measurement for O-rings | Sealing Academy | Click here >>

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