O-Ring Lexicon

Abrasion

Abrasion is the mechanical loss of material at the surface of an O-ring caused by friction. It occurs above all in dynamic applications where the seal slides along a mating surface.

What is abrasion?

Abrasion refers to the progressive wear of an elastomer when its surface is moved under load across another surface. With every movement cycle, tiny material particles are removed. Over time this changes the cross-section of the O-ring, worsens the sealing effect and can cause the seal to fail. How much a material wears depends on the elastomer, the hardness, the surface finish of the mating surface and the lubrication.

Why abrasion matters for O-rings

In static applications, abrasion hardly matters because the seal does not move. It becomes decisive in dynamic applications such as piston or rod seals. There, abrasion resistance determines the service life of the seal. A smooth, finely machined mating surface, a suitable hardness and sufficient lubrication reduce abrasion significantly. Anyone designing a moving seal should therefore consider abrasion from the outset, as it is one of the most common causes of wear.

The key points at a glance

Abrasion is mechanical loss of material due to friction against the mating surface.
It mainly affects dynamic applications and hardly any static seals.
Surface finish, hardness and lubrication determine how much an O-ring wears.

For moving seals, it is worth looking at hardness and material in the range. You'll find the right surface finish of the mating surface in the tolerance data.

You'll find the right material for your application in our range.

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